Amelogenin phosphorylation plays crucial roles in controlling structural, crystallographic, mechanical, and compositional characteristics of dental enamel. Thus, loss of amelogenin phosphorylation leads to a reduction in the biological control over the enamel mineralization process. Read more »
Programmable stiffness and stress–relaxation of cross-linked self-assembling peptide hydrogels
An AFM image representing a supramolecular hydrogel based on a cross-linked self-assembling peptide (SAP). Cross-linking allows for precise tuning of biomechanical properties, spanning the range of stiffness values found in the human central nervous system, pancreas, liver, lung, and skin tissues. The findings provide a new strategy helpful for soft tissue regeneration. Read more »
How X-Rays Can Make Better Batteries
In order to help our nation meet its goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, scientists like William Chueh and David Shapiro are working together to come up with new strategies to design safer, long-distance batteries made from sustainable, Earth-abundant materials. They discuss their pioneering work in this Q&A. Read more »
Safely Studying Dangerous Infections Just Got a Lot Easier
Researchers have cranked up the speed of imaging infected cells using soft x-ray tomography, a technique that can generate incredibly detailed, three-dimensional scans. The approach gives an easy way to quickly examine how cells’ internal machinery responds to SARS-CoV-2, or other pathogens, as well as how the cells respond to drugs designed to treat the infection. Read more »
A Photoelectrode Protection Scheme for Solar-Fuel Production
Microscopy, spectroscopy, and computational studies of a promising artificial-photosynthesis material led researchers to develop a model photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell with remarkable stability and longevity as it selectively converts sunlight and carbon dioxide into two promising sources of renewable fuels—ethylene and hydrogen. Read more »
ALS in the News (February 2022)
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- Scientists discover ‘secret sauce’ behind exotic properties of new quantum material
- Plant smoke detectors evolve as hormone sensors
- Autofocus for x-ray crystallography: How AutoML targets samples at the ALS
- With a little help, new optical material assembles itself
- Coral skeleton formation rate determines resilience to acidifying oceans
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Rapid 3D Visualization of Lung Cells Altered by SARS-CoV-2
In this work, researchers illustrated the potential of soft x-ray tomography to rapidly characterize and quantify the structural changes induced in cells infected by SARS-CoV-2, revealing profound alterations of the subcellular architecture induced by viral infection over time. Read more »
Improving the Efficiency of Atmospheric Water Harvesting
Researchers traced the step-by-step path of water-molecule uptake in a porous compound, then made pinpoint modifications to shape the material’s water-sorption behavior. The results led to improvements in the compound’s efficiency at harvesting water from the air, an important step toward alleviating water shortages in the future. Read more »
Interlayer Coupling Drives Mysterious Phase Transition
Researchers found that a mysterious phase transition in an iron-based superconductor is driven by interactions between the material’s 2D layers. The results counter the assumption that interlayer coupling is negligible in such materials, suggesting instead that the interactions can be an effective way to tune superconductivity. Read more »
Scientists Discover ‘Secret Sauce’ Behind Exotic Properties of New Quantum Material
Kagome metals have long mystified scientists for their ability to exhibit collective behavior when cooled below room temperature. A research team has discovered that the kagome electrons’ unusual synchronicity is due to another behavior known as an electronic singularity, or the Van Hove singularity, which involves the relationship between the electrons’ energy and velocity. Read more »
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