To engineer crops with higher levels of the important amino acid, lysine, researchers solved the structure of an enzyme that helps break down lysine in plants. A fuller understanding of the factors affecting lysine levels should aid in the successful development of stable high-lysine crops to combat malnutrition globally. Read more »
How Proteins Remodel DNA in Bacteria under Stress
Multiscale, multimodal visualization techniques at the ALS enabled researchers to clarify how proteins remodel bacterial DNA in response to stressful environments. The discovery could lead to new strategies for controlling microbial behavior and, eventually, new ways to fight bacterial infections. Read more »
Toughening Mechanisms in Carp Scales at the Nanoscale
Scientists have characterized carp scales down to the nanoscale, using the ALS to watch how the fibers in the scales react as stress is applied. The resulting insights provide inspiration for the design of advanced synthetic structural materials with unprecedented toughness and penetration resistance. Read more »
Structural Features Mediating Zinc Binding and Transfer in the AztABCD Zinc Transporter System
Zinc homeostasis is critical for bacterial survival and virulence. Extracellular zinc-binding proteins play an important role in this process. This work assesses the role of several flexible or unstructured sequences in zinc binding and transfer from proteins AztD to AztC. The results provide insights into the dynamic nature of these processes and support a previously proposed structural model of transfer. Read more »
Rotavirus VP3 Is a Multifunctional Capping Machine
Rotavirus, a major cause of infantile gastroenteritis, is responsible for the deaths of about 200,000 children per year. Although vaccines are available, the virus still circulates, and a fuller understanding of the viral structures is needed. Here, scientists investigate the structure and function of the last unsolved rotavirus structural protein. Read more »
Evaluation of Free Energy Calculations for the Prioritization of Macrocycle Synthesis
Free energy perturbation methods represent a paradigm shift in drug discovery, where computational methods inform benchtop activities. Macrocycles are highly constrained molecules, often resulting in nonintuitive structure–activity relationships requiring lengthy synthetic routes. Free energy perturbation methods can be used to predict potency, guiding synthetic chemistry efforts to de-risk complex synthesis. Read more »
Time‐Dependent Cytotoxic Properties of Terpyridine‐Based Copper Complexes
The cover feature picture shows the progressive activation of terpyridine‐based copper(II) compounds that are not cytotoxic against various cell lines after 24 h of incubation but become highly efficient after 72 h of incubation, with IC50 values in the low‐micromolar to nanomolar range. Read more »
Antibody from SARS Survivor Neutralizes SARS-CoV-2
Using structural data from the ALS and cryo-electron microscopy, researchers have characterized how an antibody binds to and neutralizes SARS-CoV-2. This work provides the basis for therapeutic and vaccine development for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Read more »
Crystal structure of the catalytic subunit of bovine pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase
The crystal structure of the catalytic subunit of bovine pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase provides new insights into the mechanism of the regulation of the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Read more »
Study Gains New Insight Into Bacterial DNA Packing
When bacteria are put in different environments, their genes start to adapt remarkably quickly because the proteins making up their chromosomes can pack and unpack rapidly. Researchers have now imaged this process at the molecular level, a discovery that could eventually enable scientists to develop strategies to control microbial behavior. Read more »
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