Researchers discovered that electrons in a high-temperature superconductor can exhibit a new type of collective behavior that is more “glassy” (disordered) than expected. The study provides valuable insight into the nature of collective electron behaviors and how they relate to high-temperature superconductivity. Read more »
ALS Work Using Scattering/Diffraction
These techniques make use of the patterns of light produced when x-rays are deflected by the closely spaced lattice of atoms in solids and are commonly used to determine the structures of crystals and large molecules such as proteins.
Structural Characterization of a Synthetic Tandem-Domain Bacterial Microcompartment Shell Protein Capable of Forming Icosahedral Shell Assemblies
Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are subcellular compartments found in many prokaryotes, and they are of considerable interest for biotechnological applications. The BMC-H2 shell system constitutes a relatively simple generic building block that could be used to construct designed shells with a relatively highly tunable pore. Read more »
Electric Skyrmions Charge Ahead for Next-Generation Data Storage
Researchers have observed chirality for the first time in polar skyrmions in a material with reversible electrical properties. The combination of polar skyrmions and these electrical properties could one day lead to applications such as more powerful data storage devices that hold information even after a device has been powered off. Read more »
Antibody Uses Mimicry to Block SARS Coronavirus
Protein structures not only revealed how SARS and MERS antibodies inhibit the viruses from attaching to host cells, they also revealed an unprecedented example of receptor mimicry that triggers the cell-invasion machinery of the SARS virus. The results inform efforts to prevent and treat these serious, often deadly, respiratory diseases. Read more »
A New Twist in Soft X-Ray Beams
Visible-light beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) have been used in applications ranging from communications and imaging to particle manipulation. Now, researchers have generated high-quality OAM beams in the soft x-ray regime, with intriguing possibilities for future use at high-coherence, diffraction-limited light sources. Read more »
Mechanical Competence and Bone Quality Develop During Skeletal Growth
Researchers explored how bone quality and mechanical competence progress during longitudinal bone growth. Deformation at the tissue, fibril, and mineral length scales was investigated with mechanical tensile tests during small and wide-angle x-ray scattering/diffraction (SAXS/WAXD) experiments, revealing dramatic differences in mechanical resistance with age. Read more »
Conductive triethylene glycol monomethyl ether substituted polythiophenes with high stability in the doped state
Researchers synthesized and characterized two iodine-doped polymers with high conductivity and stability. The doping increases the transparency of thin films of the polymer, which are resistant to common organic solvents. All these properties indicate great potential for the polymers to be used in applications such as organic field effect transistors, organic photovoltaic devices, and sensors. Read more »
Biochemical and structural characterization of two variants of uncertain significance in the PMS2 gene
The lack of information as to whether a genetic mutation is pathogenic or benign causes ambiguity during clinical diagnosis and hinders appropriate treatment. Here, researchers use several techniques, including small‐angle x‐ray scattering, to help classify genetic variants associated with an increased predisposition to certain cancers. Read more »
A Two-Pronged Defense against Bacterial Self-Intoxication
Researchers solved the structure of a bacterial toxin bound to a neutralizing protein, revealing two distinct mechanisms for how the toxin-producing bacteria avoid poisoning themselves. The findings offer clues to the evolutionary origins of the potent toxins that enable bacterial pathogens to cause human diseases such as cholera and diphtheria. Read more »
Pressure-driven band gap engineering in ion-conducting semiconductor silver orthophosphate
This work explores a novel method to tune the electronic band structures of active semiconductor photocatalysts to gain insight into structure–property relationships. Taking silver orthophosphate (Ag3PO4) as an example, a static pressure technique was applied to modulate the band gap and indirect–direct band character via altering its crystal structure and lattice parameters. Read more »
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